akụkọ

Nchedo anyanwụ bụ ihe dị mkpa nye ụmụ nwanyị nke oge a n'afọ niile. Nchedo anyanwụ nwere ike ọ bụghị naanị ibelata mmebi nke ụzarị ultraviolet na akpụkpọ ahụ, kamakwa izere ịka nká akpụkpọ ahụ na ọrịa akpụkpọ ahụ ndị yiri ya. Ihe ndị e ji ekpuchi anyanwụ na-abụkarị anụ ahụ, kemịkalụ, ma ọ bụ ngwakọta nke ụdị abụọ ahụ ma na-enye nchebe UV sara mbara. Iji nyere gị aka ịzụta mkpuchi anyanwụ nke ha n'ọdịnihu, taa were gị site na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ kemịkalụ na ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ anụ ahụ iji nyochaa ihe ndị dị irè nke mkpuchi anyanwụ.

Ihe na-arụ ọrụ kemịkalụ

Octyl methoxycinnamate

Octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC)bụ otu n'ime ihe ndị a na-ejikarị eme ihe maka anwụ anwụ. Octyl methoxycinnamate (OMC) bụ ihe nzacha UVB nwere usoro nnabata UV dị mma nke 280~310 nm, ọnụego nnabata dị elu, nchekwa dị mma, obere nsí, yana ezigbo mgbaze nye ihe ndị nwere mmanụ. A makwaara ya dị ka octanoate na 2-ethylhexyl 4-methoxycinnamate. A kwadoro ihe mejupụtara ya dị ka ihe ịchọ mma na United States na European Union (EU) na njupụta nke 7.5-10%.

Benzophenone-3

Benzophenone-3(BP-3) bụ ihe na-eme ka anwụ ghara ịcha nke ọma nke na-agbaze site na mmanụ, nke na-amịkọrọ ma UVB ma obere UVA radieshon. A na-eme ka BP-3 dị ọkụ ngwa ngwa site na radieshon ultraviolet, na-ebelata irè ya ma na-emepụta nnukwu ụdị oxygen reactive. Na United States, oke BP-3 a na-anabata na nchekwa anwụ bụ 6%.

Benzophenone -4

Benzophenone-4A na-ejikarị (BP-4) eme ihe dị ka ihe na-amịkọrọ ultraviolet na oke ruru 10%. BP-4, dịka BP-3, bụ ihe sitere na benzophenone.

4-methylbenzyl camphor

4-methylbenzylidene camphor (4-methylbenzylidene camphor, 4-MBC) ma ọ bụ enzacamene bụ ihe sitere na camphor organic nke a na-eji dị ka ihe na-amịkọrọ UVB na ihe mkpuchi anyanwụ na ihe ịchọ mma ndị ọzọ. Ọ bụ ezie na US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) anabataghị ihe mejupụtara ya, mba ndị ọzọ na-ekwe ka e jiri ihe mejupụtara ya ruo 4%.

4-MBC bụ ihe na-eme ka akpụkpọ ahụ dị oke mmiri mmiri nke nwere ike ịmịkọrọ n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ ma dị n'ime anụ ahụ mmadụ, gụnyere placenta. 4-MBC nwere mmetụta nke mmebi endocrine estrogen, na-emetụta axis thyroid ma na-egbochi ọrụ AChE. Ya mere, a ga-eji nlezianya jiri ihe mkpuchi anyanwụ nke nwere ihe ndị a mee ihe.

3-benzal camphor

3-benzylidene camphor (3-BC) bụ ihe mejupụtara lipophilic nke jikọtara ya na 4-MBC. Oke kachasị eji ya eme ihe na ngwaahịa nchekwa anyanwụ na European Union bụ 2%.

Dịka 4-MBC si kwuo, a na-akọwakwa 3-BC dị ka ihe na-emebi estrogen. Na mgbakwunye, a kọwo na 3-BC na-emetụta CNS. Ọzọkwa, a ga-eji ihe ndị a na-eme ka anwụ ghara ịcha nke ọma.

Ọktilene

Octocrtriene (OC) bụ ester nke otu cinnamate nke na-amịkọrọ ụzarị UVB na UVA, nke nwere oke ruru 10% na ihe mkpuchi anwụ na ihe ịchọ mma kwa ụbọchị.

Akụkụ na-arụ ọrụ anụ ahụ

Ihe ndị na-arụ ọrụ anụ ahụ nke e ji eme ihe n'ihe gbasara anwụ anwụ na-abụkarị titanium dioxide (TiO2) na zinc oxide (ZnO2), oke ha na-abụkarị 5-10%, ọkachasị site n'igosipụta ma ọ bụ ịgbasa radieshon ultraviolet (UVR) iji mezuo ebumnuche nke ihe mkpuchi anwụ anwụ.

Titanium dioxide

Titanium dioxide bụ mineral ọcha nwere ntụ ntụ nke mejupụtara titanium na oxygen. A na-ejikarị titanium dioxide eme ihe n'ihe gbasara nri na ihe ịchọ mma, ọkachasị n'ihi na ọ na-acha ọcha na irè nke ihe mkpuchi anyanwụ UV.

Zinc oxide

Zinc oxide bụ ntụ ntụ ọcha nwere ihe nchebe na nhicha. Ọ bụkwa ihe nchebe UV nke na-egosipụta ma ụzarị UVA na UVB. Na mgbakwunye, zinc nwere ihe mgbochi mkpali, astringent na nkụ. Zinc oxide, ihe nchebe anyanwụ nke US Food and Drug Administration ghọtara dị ka ihe dị nchebe ma dị irè, bụ otu n'ime ha.

Mgbe ị kọwachara akụkọ a, ị ghọtara ihe ndị dị na ihe mkpuchi anyanwụ nke ọma? Biko kpọtụrụ m ma ọ bụrụ na ị nwere ajụjụ ọ bụla ọzọ.